Variable Speed Drives (VSDs)
VSDs control motor speed by adjusting the frequency and voltage supplied to the motor. Inside a VSD, a rectifier converts AC supply into DC. A DC link stabilises the voltage, and an inverter then reconstructs AC by switching Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBTs) or similar semiconductor devices at high frequencies. This switching process generates non-sinusoidal currents and high-frequency components, which manifest as harmonics.